Russia is actively fortifying the Ilsky oil refinery against Ukrainian aerial attacks, according to satellite imagery and analysis from Exilenova+.

Russia is actively fortifying the Ilsky oil refinery against Ukrainian aerial attacks, according to satellite imagery and analysis from Exilenova+. Shipping containers are being installed around refinery units, with anti-drone cables intended to be stretched between them to create physical barriers. Exilenova+ says the defenses are part of continuing adaptation at critical facilities. It found no visible damage to the refinery’s primary processing units after the September 26 attack.